日糧鐵水平對生長肥育豬生長性能、血液狀況和腸道功能的影響

發(fā)布單位:天津瑞孚農(nóng)牧科技集團有限公司

查看次數(shù)：6730

時間：2021-02-22
本研究研究了不同鐵添加水平對生長肥育豬生長性能、血液狀況、腸道屏障功能和腸道消化的影響。

試驗共選用1200頭試驗豬只，平均初重（BW，27.74 ± 0.28 kg），隨機分為40個欄，每欄30頭豬（母豬和公豬各占1/2），按體重和性別進行分配，分別飼喂5種試驗飼糧（每個飼糧8個重復(fù)欄）。試驗飼糧為對照飼糧（不添加FeSO4的基礎(chǔ)飼糧），在基礎(chǔ)飼糧中分別添加150、300、450和600 mg/kg Fe作為FeSO4飼糧。試驗期為100 d，前50 d為生長階段（體重27 ~ 60 kg），后50 d為育肥階段（體重61 ~ 100 kg）?；A(chǔ)飼糧采用不含鐵的微量礦物質(zhì)預(yù)混料，生長階段飼糧總鐵含量為203.36 mg/kg，育成階段飼糧總鐵含量為216.71 mg/kg，均為原料成分提供。試驗結(jié)束時，從每個處理（每欄1頭豬）中隨機選取8頭豬（4頭公豬和4頭母豬）采集食糜、血液和腸道樣品。

試驗數(shù)據(jù)表明，在育肥階段，含F(xiàn)e日糧組豬只的平均日采食量（P = 0.025）、平均日增重（P = 0.020）和體重（P = 0.019）呈線性增加。另一方面，飼糧中添加不同鐵水平顯著提高了血清鐵和轉(zhuǎn)鐵蛋白飽和度（P < 0.05）、十二指腸絨毛杯狀細(xì)胞數(shù)量（P < 0.001）和MUC4 mRNA表達量（P < 0.05）。含450和600 mg/kg鐵水平日糧組豬只氨基酸（AA）的表觀回腸消化率（AID）高于對照組（P < 0.05）。

綜上所述，飼糧中添加450 ~ 600 mg/kg鐵可通過改變豬血液狀況、促進腸道杯狀細(xì)胞分化和提高AA的AID等改善豬的生長性能。

Effects of dietary iron level on growth performance, hematological status, and intestinal function in growing-finishing pigs
This study investigated the different addition levels of iron (Fe) in growing-finishing pigs and the effect of different Fe levels on growth performance, hematological status, intestinal barrier function, and intestinal digestion. A total of 1,200 barrows and gilts ([Large White × Landrace] × Duroc) with average initial body weight (BW; 27.74 ± 0.28 kg) were housed in 40 pens of 30 pigs per pen (gilts and barrows in half), blocked by BW and gender, and fed five experimental diets (eight replicate pens per diet). The five experimental diets were control diet (basal diet with no FeSO4 supplementation), and the basal diet being supplemented with 150, 300, 450, or 600 mg/kg Fe as FeSO4 diets. The trial lasted for 100 d and was divided into the growing phase (27 to 60 kg of BW) for the first 50 d and the finishing phase (61 to 100 kg of BW) for the last 50 d. The basal diet was formulated with an Fe-free trace mineral premix and contained 203.36 mg/kg total dietary Fe in the growing phase and 216.71 mg/kg in the finishing phase based on ingredient contributions. And at the end of the experiment, eight pigs (four barrows and four gilts) were randomly selected from each treatment (selected one pig per pen) for digesta, blood, and intestinal samples collection. The results showed that the average daily feed intake (P = 0.025), average daily gain (P = 0.020), and BW (P = 0.019) increased linearly in the finishing phase of pigs fed with the diets containing Fe. On the other hand, supplementation with different Fe levels in the diet significantly increased serum iron and transferrin saturation concentrations (P < 0.05), goblet cell numbers of duodenal villous (P < 0.001), and MUC4 mRNA expression (P < 0.05). The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids (AA) for pigs in the 450 and 600 mg/kg Fe groups was greater (P < 0.05) than for pigs in the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 450 to 600 mg/kg Fe improved the growth performance of pigs by changing hematological status and by enhancing intestinal goblet cell differentiation and AID of AA.

文章來源：豬營養(yǎng)國際論壇
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